

B-85, Indira nagar Lucknow-226016
नमस्ते, दोस्तों मुझे बड़ी खुशी है कि आप मेरे इस वेबसाइट में आकर जानकारी प्राप्त कर रहे हैं। दोस्तों एक घर का निर्माण करने के लिए वास्तु, आर्किटेक्ट और सिविल इंजीनियर की आवश्यकता होती है हमारा पिछले 15 वर्ष का अनुभव यही है कि कंपनी कम खर्च में भी एक अच्छे घर का और व्यवसायिक भवन का निर्माण कर सकती है। एक बार आप अपने विचार हमारे साथ जरूर शेयर करें धन्यवाद , Abhijeet Singh(Engineer) Suresh Pandey(Consultant) Ph: +91-8318192212,+91-7651933855
A complete guide for Structure in Building Construction
It is delightful to see a vacant plot transform into a beautiful home. Do you realize that it requires a good amount of building materials, hours of hard labor, and insights of experts to erect a building? And, a majority of this work is termed as Structure in Building Construction!
In this guide let us learn in detail about how a building is constructed in a vacant plot. We’ll cover the following topics:
Definition & types of structure in building construction.
The steps involved in creating the structure
Precautions while doing structures
What to do after structures?
What exactly is “Structure” in Building Construction?
Structure in building construction refers to the process of putting together different elements of construction, to serve a useful purpose. This method has to effectively support and transmit possible loads on the building to the ground. Due importance is given on each element (also called as structure member), so as to restrict the load stress within the permissible limits.
Depending on how the load is transferred to the ground, the structure can be broadly classified into the following categories:
Types of Structures
a. Load Bearing Structures:
A thick wall structure (mostly built with strong bricks or stones) carries the building load to the ground.
b. Frame Structures:
A frame structure stands on a strong framework – made of concrete beams, columns, and vertical slabs. The columns carry the weight of the building to the ground. The inside of the frame is further filled with block works.
c. Post and Lintel Structures (or pillar beam structure):
A post and lintel structure has two posts like vertical members, holding a horizontal member called lintel, to carry the building load. This is similar to the Frame structure and is predominantly used in high rises and apartments.
As the first step to structures, decide upon the type of structure to be adopted – load bearing, pillar beam or frame.
Next, let us see the different stages of assembling the structural elements in a building construction.
1. Prerequisites for structure in building construction
Much before the actual building construction work commences, some basic site work is done. It includes:
Piling – In case of loose soil, strengthen it with reinforcements by Piling.
Develop Floor Plan -Get a floor plan to understand how the building looks from inside. It gives a fair idea about the layout of the rooms and amount of space available for each utility.
Foundation – Build a proper foundation to support and transfer the entire load from the building to soil.
Elevation – To get the vertical view of the building, draw an elevation plan. Typically, it is four elevation plans, one for each side of the building. This gives a detailed information about the location of exterior wall corners, position of windows and doors, finished floor and ceiling levels, and roof specifications.
Get even more insights about each of these topics here.
FLOOR PLAN
ELEVATION
2: Do Block-work
Block work pertains to erecting walls of the building. Choose from different types of blocks based on the structure type adopted for construction. The common ones are bricks, concrete blocks, AAC, cement blocks, porotherm etc.
3: Install door and window frames
Install door and window frames along with progressing block work.
4: Carry out Plumbing and Electrical works
Lay pipes and leave provisions for water usage and drainage as plumbing basics. Also, install electrical conduits and pipes for sealed wiring catering to electrical needs. These also happen along with the block work.
5: Cast Lintel
A lintel is a concrete beam above window and door frames. It offers support to the wall over doors, windows or any other opening.
6: Slab casting, Shuttering, and Concreting
Mark slab requirement in places like the kitchen. Provide support to hold concrete when poured, using shuttering. Lay criss-cross steel reinforcements (RCC) over the shuttering to strengthen concrete. Pour concrete mix over this and allow it to set evenly. Ensure strength of concrete by treating it with water through a process called curing.
The process of casting concrete roof is also similar. In case of a thatched roof, work on the slope of the roof and install roofing materials. Also make sure the joints are sealed properly to avoid leakage in future.
7: Do Plastering
Cover walls with cement and sand mixture for aesthetic appeal called plastering. Prior to this, efficiently route electrical wires and plumbing channels to avoid rework.
Well, that sums up the essentials of structure work in building construction. There are a few tips to consider while doing the structures.
What should you take care of while doing the structure?
Understand that construction of a building is a collaborative effort. Many a thing go hand in hand with structures. To avoid unnecessary delays, plan everything in advance.
Firstly, never miss any of the processes in structure, be it piling. It may seem a bit unnecessary to go through each and every process, but it will prove worthwhile in future.
Discuss every requirement and choices with the architect before floor plan is finalized. This ensures smooth structure operations.
Visualize your life in your new home before finalizing on the floor plan. Think of where you would be having your morning tea, where you would be entertaining your guests, where your children would be doing their homework or where you would be spending some undisturbed time with yourself.
Wherever there is a choice in building material, do a thorough research beforehand. Finalize it within the stipulated time after taking advice from the engineer. This gives the contractor ample time to be ready with the materials. This holds extremely true for door and window frames, as well as roofing materials.
Cost is an important factor while deciding on building materials, but keep in mind that cheapest is not always the best. For example, never compromise in the case of electrical wiring or concrete to cement ratio. Always go for the recommended options even at a cost of a few extra rupees.
From a utility perspective, have a clear picture on your requirements with respect to plumbing and electric works. Pass on these inputs to the teams concerned before the start of their work.
It is a common misconception that interiors are to be done after the structure is completed. You should have a clear picture of the interiors at the same time as conceptualizing the structure. This will help you make a few structural modifications to enhance the utility of the completed home.
When in doubt, trust the building company’s advice. They are definitely more experienced than you are and will recommend only the best for you.
TRIO VISION CONSTRUCTION COMPANY (Trio vision Group)
CHECKLIST FOR CONCRETE SLAB:
The Checklist For Concrete Slab are listed below:
1. Make sure that the cover blocks are at right position and stay okay while concreting.
2. If the concrete is prepared at site, carefully handle the process of batching, water content, mixing and testing of fresh concrete.
3. Ensure that the beams are primarily cast in layers and compacted properly by vibrators.
4. Make sure that one carpenter and one helper is always present under the shuttering slab to confirm that it is supported well and will stay constant during and after concreting.
5. Assure the presence of a bar bender to avoid displacement of steel reinforcement.
6. Never permit extremely smooth finishing for the concrete slabs.
7. Try not to permit sprinkling of dry cement during finishing, It will help to prevent micro shrinkage cracks in the concrete.
8. Put the chairs appropriately to avoid disturbance at the top reinforcement bars during concreting.
9. Try to prevent cold joints in the casting slab.
10. In case of concreting in hot weather, protect the concrete surface by covering with wet gunny bags at least for 4 – 5 hours.
11. In case of concreting in rainy, windy, or extremely hot weather, put a cover of tarpaulin over the slab. It will protect the slab from getting damaged.
12. To prevent plastic shrinkage cracks in the concrete slab, avoid drastic drying of green concrete.
13. Ensure full compaction and complete finishing of the concrete.
नई दिल्ली, बिजनेस डेस्क। मौजूदा दौर में लोन लेकर घर खरीदना आम बात है। होम लोन न सिर्फ हमें अपने घर खरीदने के फैसले को टालने से रोकता है बल्कि यह हमें टैक्स बचाने में भी मदद करता है। कई मर्तबा होम लोन लेने के बाद इसके ईएमआई को चुकाना एक सिरदर्द होता है। लेकिन, इससे जल्दी छुटकारा कैसे मिले यह बड़ा सवाल है। होम लोन लेने वाले अपने होम लोन ईएमआई बोझ को कम करने के लिए कई ऑप्शनल ट्रिक का इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं। नए लोन लेने वालों के पास विभिन्न बैंकों की तरफ से पेश की जाने वाली दरों की तुलना करने और अधिकतम फायदा लने के ऑप्शन हैं, लेकिन मौजूदा ग्राहकों के पास बहुत कम ऑप्शन हैं। जिन लोगों ने पहले से लोन लिया है वो अपने होम लोन को एक बैंक से दूसरे ऐसे बैंक में ट्रांसफर कर सकते हैं, जिससे ब्याज दरों में कमी हो सकती है। हालांकि होम लोन ट्रांसफर करना हर किसी के लिए आसान नहीं है। इस खबर में हम आपको होम लोन को जल्द खत्म करने के कुछ टिप्स बता रहे हैं...
होम लोन बैलेंस ट्रांसफर: होम लोन लेने वाले ज्यादातर लोग लोन की अवधि के बीच दूसरे कर्जदाता के पास जाना पसंद नहीं करते। कर्ज की अवधि के दौरान अगर कभी भी उपयुक्त कर्जदाता मिलता है, तो इस बात की सलाह दी जाती है कि होम लोन को ट्रांसफर किया जाए। इन बातों को ध्यान में रखकर आप होम लोन को जल्दी भर सकते हैं।
ईएमआई राशि बढ़ाएं: वेतन पाने वाले उधारकर्ताओं को साल में सैलरी में एक बार हाइक मिलता है। इसलिए अपनी ईएमआई राशि को धीरे-धीरे बढ़ाएं। अगर आप हर साल अपनी ईएमआई राशि बढ़ाते हैं तो लोन पीरियड में कमी आएगी, जिससे आपको कुल बकाया लोन राशि चुकाने में मदद मिलेगी।
वेतन की तारीख: कोशिश करें कि अपनी ईएमआई की तारीख अपनी सैलरी की तारीख के नजदीक रखें, इससे आप ईएमआई भुगतान को लेकर कभी नहीं चूकेंगे। ईएमआई और एसआईपी के पेमेंट के बाद बचे धन के साथ अपने खर्च की योजना बनाएं। चाहें तो यह भी सुनिश्चित कर लें कि बकाया भुगतान के लिए आपके होम लोन पर कोई अतिरिक्त शुल्क तो नहीं लगाया गया है।
TRIO vision Group
TRIO VISION CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LUCKNOW.
B-85 indira nagar, Bhoothnath Metro Station lucknow.
In this article, I will discuss the minimum standards that can be followed for the design of RCC structural components of a structure, such as columns, beams, slab and foundation. We will also discuss the minimum safe standards for the reinforcing bars that are to be used for the design of the above mentioned Structural Components.
Minimum cross-sectional dimension for a Column: is 9″x 12″ (225 MM x 300 MM) which is the minimum recommended size. I have designed hundreds of buildings, and never had the misfortune of any structural component ever failing due to loads. I always use M20 grade concrete for construction, as it is the minimum recommended grade of concrete is IS 456:2000. Please don’t skimp on the quality of concrete. The minimum steel in a 9″ x 9″ column is 4 bars of 12 MM with stirrups of 8 MM steel rings at a distance of 150 MM centre to centre. In a 9″ x 12″ column, I add two more bars, to take the total to 6 bars of 12 MM diameter. This design can be safe for up to G+1 floors. But there are a lot of other factors involved.
Also check out:
Thumb rules for making a Column Layout
Construction on Site | Design of RCC Structures[/caption]
Minimum RCC beam size should not be less than 9″x 9″ (225MM X 225MM), with an additional slab thickness of 125 MM. I generally use a minimum of 4 bars, with 2 bars of 12 MM thickness in the bottom of the beam, and 2 bars of 10 MM at the top of the beam. I maintain a concrete cover of 40 MM. I recommend use of M20 grade of concrete (1 part cement : 1.5 parts sand : 3 parts aggregate : 0.5 parts water).
Minimum thickness of RCC slab I recommend is 5″ (125MM) because a slab may contain electrical pipes embedded into them which could be 0.5″ or more for internal wiring, which effectively reduces slab depths at certain places, causing cracking, weakening and water leakage during rains. So, a minimum thickness of 5″ should be maintained.
Minimum size of foundation for a single storey of G+1 building, where soil safe bearing capacity is 30 tonnes per square meter, and the oncoming load on the column does not exceed 30 tonnes, a size of 1m x 1m should be used. Minimum depth of footing should be atleast 4′ below ground level. It is recommended to go to depths up to had strata.
Reinforcing bar details (minimum)
1. Columns: 4 bars of 12mm steel rods FE 500
2. Beams: 2 bars of 12 mm in the bottom and 2 bars of 10 mm on the top.
3. Slab
a) One Way Slab: Main Steel 8 MM bars @ 6″ C/C and Distribution Steel of 6 mm bars @ 6″ C/C
b) Two Way Slab: Main Steel 8 MM bars @ 5″ C/C and Distribution Steel of 8 mm bars @ 7″ C/C
4. Foundation: 6″ of PCC layer comes first. Over than, a tapered or rectangular footing of 12″ thickness is minimum. Steel mesh of 8 mm bars @ 6″ C/C should be laid. In a 1m X 1m footing, this would consist of 6 bars of 8 mm on both portions of the steel mesh.
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Suresh Pandey
8318192213
Apart from Cooking and Cleaning, a lot of activity takes place in your kitchen. The space can also be used to eat, drink and socialise. To accommodate a functional yet beautiful kitchen is a huge task. An impractical design can make your kitchen difficult to use.
The following are some of the most common kitchen design mistakes that homeowners tend to make while planning their kitchens. Be sure to understand what you need to avoid in order to get the most out of your kitchen space.
1. Storage vs. Shelving:
Kitchens tend to contain a lot of things; there are items that are not only for consumption, but also for storage and utility. Finding a place for your appliances as well as maintaining different places for the myriad of foods is essential. Built-in appliances are expensive and overall tend to be larger investments that need to be made with forethought and planning. You should make sure that these appliances are in efficient locations with appropriate power supply.
Open shelving is gorgeous, but think about how much you would display and what the maintenance will be with all the open shelves collecting dust. Utilize as much space as possible for storage. A modular kitchen is an important factor to make the kitchen design appear seamless and elegant.
2. Counter top:
Not having enough counter top space can be frustrating and limit the functionality of the kitchen. Good countertops are expensive, but it’s a good idea to invest in a good material, such as granite, which does not absorb a lot and leaves the counter easy to clean and maintain. Once the counter space is allocated, make sure you understand how many appliances you have for use on the counter.
Think through where the wet work, i.e. appliance work, wash basin and blenders are to be located. Then place sockets conveniently so that the wires are not obstructing other functions. Also, curtail areas where the dry work is the main function, like cutting vegetables, unloading groceries etc. Keeping these spaces divided is important for the counter to be utilized efficiently.
3. Waste management:
Most people do not even consider this as part of kitchen design. However, if you ask anybody who cooks, they are sure to tell you about the amount of organic and other waste produced constantly from all the groceries and food packaging. You should make sure that you have areas for segregated waste, like organic and recyclable.
The waste basket should not be kept where it is visible to all, and also, a part that can be quite tricky to implement, the waste baskets should not be placed without ventilation. Now, modular kitchens have a feature where ventilation slits are placed in cabinets that allow the bin to be placed discreetly yet correctly. A large bin must be placed outside to collect the majority of the waste and a smaller one indoors as well which may be hidden in the built in cabinets.
4. Backsplash:
Another overlooked feature which is essential for the functioning of the kitchen is the back splash area. When working together with elements like, water, fire and air, there is bound to be some messiness. In most modular kitchens there are overhead storage shelves as well as counters below. Now that leaves us with space between the countertop and the overhead storage shelves. Covering this entire ‘in-between’ space may seem like an overkill, but it's highly advised. Leaving any wall exposed may just lead to buildup of grease, especially with Indian cooking.
Cover the surface with something you can wipe clean after use, like a tile. The chimney above the hob may be stainless steel along with your appliances. Keep the backsplash classic with a tile.
5. Lighting and Ventilation:
Natural light is great in your house, but its needed most in the kitchen where more work that requires concentration takes place. It is better to have well-lit areas with good quality indoor lighting. During the daytime, it would be great if the space was lit naturally through natural sun, but in the evening or even when chopping or cooking, it is advisable to use strong artificial indoor lighting.
Ventilation is an important factor and when it comes to the kitchen, improper ventilation can cause health issues from all the fumes, smoke and gases emitted while cooking. Install a good chimney over the hob that has a good exhaust fan. Also, place windows in the kitchen, it is not necessary to close all the windows to maximise the utility of a kitchen. Well placed windows will help bring in light as well as air ventilation.
6. Architectural Integrity:
The ‘kitchen triangle’ is one of the most efficient layouts for your kitchen space. Yes, you need a kitchen that won't looked dated in ten years but functionality, as mentioned before, is key. The kitchen triangle involves spacing the three most used features of your kitchen, which is the sink, the stove and the refrigerator. The layout is to help ease access in between all three while still spacing them out comfortably.
There may be a few variations in the kitchen triangle design, but straying away too much can hurt the efficiency of your kitchen.
There are important aspects and considerations to make when designing a kitchen. Mistakes can be costly and stressful, and can be avoided with the right planning. Executing it the right way can minimize risk and increase the overall utility of your kitchen.
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